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medical expenses

TL;DR

Medical expenses are generally deductible if they exceed 7.5% of your adjusted gross income (AGI) and are not reimbursed by insurance, but they must be itemized on Schedule A of Form 1040.

Detailed Answer

Medical expenses can be deducted if they are paid for the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or for treatments affecting any part or function of the body. Deductible expenses include payments for doctors, dentists, surgeons, and other medical practitioners, as well as costs for hospital services, prescription medications, and medical equipment. However, cosmetic surgery, non-prescription drugs, and general health expenses like vitamins or gym memberships are not deductible. The deduction is only available if you itemize deductions and the total medical expenses exceed 7.5% of your AGI. For example, if your AGI is $50,000, only the medical expenses exceeding $3,750 are deductible.

Where to Put It on the Tax Form

Schedule A (Form 1040), Line 1

Real World Example

A freelance graphic designer with an AGI of $60,000 incurs $6,000 in medical expenses, including surgery and prescription drugs. They can deduct $1,500 ($6,000 - $4,500) on Schedule A, as $4,500 is 7.5% of their AGI.

Calculation Required

A calculation is required for this deduction.

Calculate 7.5% of your AGI. Subtract this amount from your total unreimbursed medical expenses. The remainder is the deductible amount.

Audit Risk & Documentation Tips

Moderate audit risk. Keep detailed records of all medical expenses, including receipts, invoices, and insurance statements. Ensure expenses are clearly for medical purposes and not cosmetic or general health-related.

IRS Reference

IRS Publication 502

Relevant Industries

FreelancersSmall Business OwnersIndependent Contractors

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Disclaimer: This is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as tax or legal advice. Always consult your tax advisor.

Page created on April 4, 2026